High-speed gaussian dual objective



SEARCH ROOM Oct. 24, 1961 e. KLEMT HIGH-SPEED GAUSSIAN DUAL OBJECTIVE Filed Oct. 15, 1958 INVENTOR: we MEN? United States Patent 3,005,379 HIGH-SPEED GAUSSIAN DUAL OBJECTIVE Gunter Klemt, Kreuznach, Rhineland, Germany, assiguor to Jos. Schneider & Co., Optische Werke, Kreuznach, Rhineland, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Oct. 15, 1958, Ser. No. 767,464 Claims priority, application Germany Oct. 22, 1957 2 Claims. (Cl. 88-57) My present invention relates to an optical system of the well-known Gaussian-dual-objective type, having four air-spaced lens members including an inner pair of meniscus-shaped dispersive members, turning their concave surfaces toward each other, and an outer pair of collective members bracketing the inner pair. A system of this general type is disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,683,- 398, issued July 13, 1954, to K. H. Macher and myself and owned by the assignee of the present application.

The general object of my present invention is to provide an improved photographic or cinematographic objective of this character which is capable of being designed with a larger aperture ratio while being fully corrected for spherical, chromatic, comatic and astigmatic abberations.

sired improvement through the use of doublets for one or more of the lens members referred to above. The complexity of the laws governing the design of multilens objectives, however, prevented hitherto the discovery of a satisfactory formula for an objective of this type in which at least three of the four lens members are doublets.

I have found, in accordance with this invention, that a Gaussian dual objective of large aperture ratio can be obtained if each of the first three lens members, counting from the object side (side of the longer light rays) of the system, is a doublet whose cemented surface exerts a dispersive effect upon the incoming light rays. More particularly, in a preferred embodiment, the first member is composed of a biconvex lens of lower refractive index cemented onto a biconcave lens of higher refractive index, the difference in the refractive indices ranging between 0.008 and 0.02; the cemented surfaces of the second and third members are convex toward the object side of the system, with the refractive index decreasing at each of these surfaces by a value ranging between 0.04 and 0.06 for the second doublet and between 0.008 and 0.02 for the third doublet. The fourth member, on the image side of the system, is preferably a simple lens. Such systems can be made with an aperture ratio as high as 121.4; the use of highly refractive glasses throughout, e.g. of a refractive index n greater than 1.6, insures maximum elimination of spherical zonal aberrations.

Attempts have previously been made to realize the de- The sole figure of the accompanying drawing illus- I trates the preferred embodiment.

. In the drawing, two inner, dispersive lens members H, HI define with their concave sides a diaphragm spaced d and are in turn bracketed by two outer, collective lens members I, IV. The first member I is a doublet composed of a biconvex lens L, having radii r r and a thickness 11,; it is cemented onto a biconcave lens L with radii r r and thickness d Member II, separated from member I by an air space d;,, is a doublet composed of a positive meniscusL (radii r r and thickness d )'cemented onto anegative meniscus L (radii r r and thickness d Beyond diaphragm spaced d member III is a meniscus-shaped doublet consisting of a biconcave lens L (radii r r and thickness 'd cemented onto a biconvex lens L (radii r r,, and thickness d Separated from member III by an air space d is member IV, consisting of a single ness dm. 7

lens L; having radii r r and thick- 3,005,379 Patented Oct. 24, 1961 2 Numerical values of the radii, thicknesses and air spacings of lenses L -Lq, based upon a numerical value of 100 for the overall focal length of the system, as well as for the refractive indices n and the Abb numbers v thereof are given in the following Tables A and B, representing objectives of the same aperture ratio (1:1.4) but different back-focal lengths.

- TABLE A [Back-focal length a =57.99]

Thicknesses Lens Radli and Air m I v spacings r1 73.99 L1 d1 =18. 24 1.6779 55. 5 I n =456. 90 I L: (in 3.01 1.6889 31.2

d3 0.32 air space 74 38. 38 d1 =10. 94 1. 6700 47. 2 II r 60. 52

I 25'33 a 23 21 d h 6 1a ra ms ace r 34. 69 p g p L 411 3.61 1.6727 32.2 III n =+126. 21

d6 0.32 airspace n =+2l4.42 IV L1 dio= 9. 50 1. 7440 44.9

drum =89. 07

TABLE B [Back-focal length a 54.23]

- Thicknesses Lens Radll and Air m w Spacings r1 73.99 L d =18. 24 1.6779 55.6 I n =456.

- d; 4. 01 air space r4 38. 38 L; d, =10. 94 1. 6700 47. 2 II r 60.52

d5 =26. 93 diaphragm space r 35.13 L d 3.21 1.6727 32.2 III r =+l26. 21

Lg d =15. 43 1. 6583 57. 3

r6 49. 54 I I d6 0.32 air space '11o=+214.42 IV L1 dw= 9.50 1. 7440 44.9

dtotllFQfi-OB As will be apparent from the numerical values given above, each of thecem ented surfaces r r and r is diswhereas the terms rear and image side designate the side of the shorter light rays.

I claim:

1. An optical system comprising a Gaussian dual ob I jective with four air-spaced lens members including a first doublet on the object side of the system composed of a biconvex front lens and a biconcave rear lens, a second doublet following said first'doublet composed of a positive front meniscus and a negative rear meniscus, a third doublet separated from said second doublet by a diaphragm space, said third doublet being composed of a biconcave front lens and a biconvex rear lens, and a biconvex single lens following said third doublet on the image side of the system, each of said doublets having a cemented surface which is dispersive for the light rays impinging from said object side, said biconvex front lens L said biconcave rear lens L said positive front meniscus L said negative rear meniscus L said biconcave front lens L said biconvex rear lens L and said biconvex single lens L having radii r to r and thicknesses and air spaces d to d whose numerical values, based upon a numerical value of 100 for the overall focal length of the system, together with the values of their refractive indices n and their Abb numbers are substantially as given in the following table:

Thicknesses Lens Radii and Air m w Spacings r =+73.99 L d1 =18.24 1.6779 55.

=456.90 Lg d2 =3.01 1. 6889 31.2

d; =0. 32 air space r4 =+38.38 L; d4 =10.94 1.6700 47.2

r; =+60.52 L d5 =4.49 1. 6166 36.6

. d =23.21 diaphragm space T7 =-34.69 L d =3.61 1.6727 32.2

n =+126.21 L d8 =A3 1. 6583 57.3

d =0.32 air space 2 m=+214A2 L dm=0.50 1. 7440 44. 9

2. An optical system comprising a Gaussian dual objective with four air-spaced lens members including a first doublet on the object side of the system composed of a upon a numerical value of for the overall focal length of the system, together with the values of their refractive indices n and their Abb numbers '1: are substantially as given in the following table:

Thicknesses Lens Radii and Air 11 1' spacings r1 =+73.99 L, d1 =18.24 1.6779 55.5

n =456.90 L d1 =3.01 1.6889 31.2

d; =4.01 air space r4 =+3s.3s L d4 =10.94 1.6700 47.2

d6 =26.93 diaphragm space =35.13 L d1 =3.21 1.6727 32.2

18 =+126.21 Ls d5 =15.43 1.6583 57.3

d9 =0.32 air space T10=+214A2 I L dm=L50 1.7440 44.9

References Cited in the file ofthis patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,117,252 Lee May 10, 1938 2,262,985 Aklin Nov. '18, 1941 2,262,998 Frederick et al. Nov. 18, 1941 2,600,207 Cook June 10, 1952 2,683,398 Klemt et al. July 13, 1954 I FOREIGN PATENTS 376,044 Great Britain July 7, 1932 685,572 Germany Dec. 20, 1939 678,838 Great Britain Sept. 10, 1952 769,348 1934 France June 5, 

